From the quaint villages to the bustling cities, art hubs are scattered across the state, offering a diverse and eclectic experience. These Art HubSpots are a unique blend of tradition and modernity, where age-old art forms meet contemporary expressions. Each hub is a kaleidoscope of vivid hues, bustling with the infectious energy of artists, craftsmen, and performers, all coming together to share their passion for art.
Alipurduar is a newly carved out district of Jalpaiguri district in North Bengal in 2014. Known for its greenery and reserve forests, Alipurdauar is home to different ethnic communities and famous for Bhawaiya music. Under the RCCH initiative, this district has become a hub of Bhawaiya music and is home to around 1186 Bhawaiya artists, 209 Rabha Music & Dancers, 22 Shola Craftsmen, 181 Rabha Weavers.
The Rabha people, a minority ethnic community, inhabit regions across Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, and Coochbehar districts in West Bengal. The rich weaving heritage of the Rabha community has been passed down through generations. They engage in weaving both for personal use and for selling their products within their local villages and markets. The raw materials, including threads, are sourced from Alipurduar, Assam, and Coochbehar.
Bhawaiya songs reflect the experiences of rural life. Many believe that The name is derived from the term bhava meaning emotion. Bhawaiya is popularly used in the folk theatre forms of North Bengal—prominent among these are Kushan Pala (story of Lav and Kush), Chor Chunni Pala (story of a thief and his wife), Mechenir Pala (the story of Mech tribes), and others. The Bhawaiya songs reflect the rural professions of the community, where some are elephant herders while the others are bull rearers. Traditional musical instruments accompanying Bhawaiya music include dotara, dhol, khol (percussion), sarinda, and flute.
The RCCH project had an immense impact on Bhawaiya music, creating a bridge between the practitioners of different districts and locales which have helped the gurus to come together to create a Bhawaiya curriculum and spread it amongst the local Bhawaiya training centres and also developing a quality supply line to the generated demand of authentic folk music.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Bankura has a rich cultural and traditional heritage and is known for its traditional music, crafts and other art forms. The place has contributed towards modern Bengal art and architecture. Bankura has gained much popularity among tourists hailing from across India and has many tourist attractions including Bishnupur, Joyrambati, Mukutmanipur and the Susunia Hill. Bankura is famous for folk music instruments, puppetry, the music genre of Jhumur and Baul- Fakiri practiced by the indigenous communities . Under the RCCH initiative, the hubs of the folk art forms is the home to 31 artists who make folk musical instruments, 6 string puppeteers, 1127 Jhumur artist, 183 Baul artists, 1095 Sabai artists, 76 patachitra artists, 878 kenjakura tant, 204 Dokra artists and 296 Terracotta artists
Kenjakura is a charming hamlet situated in close proximity to the tranquil slopes of Susunia in Bankura. The village is home to approximately 330 families of skilled weavers, whose forebears arrived and established themselves here 150 years ago. Utilizing the age-old Charkha, women in the community spin yarn with precision
Patachitra, an ancient folk-art originating from Bengal, is a form of traditional scroll painting on cloth. The artists, referred to as 'patuas,' skillfully depict a wide range of subjects, including mythological tales, tribal life, rituals, local legends of Hindu deities, contemporary stories, historical events, and more. Using natural colors derived from trees, leaves, flowers, and clay, these painters create vibrant and captivating artworks.
Accompanying the scroll paintings are songs called 'pater gaan,' which the patuas sing while unveiling the scrolls.
Sitalpati is crafted using cane slips extracted from the cane bust, with the quality of the Pati relying on the distinct layers of the cane. This type of cane thrives abundantly in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal. The process involves cutting fine cane slips, which are skillfully woven to create household mats known as Sitalpati, translating to cool mats. The industry is primarily family-oriented, with men dedicated to growing and extracting fiber, while women are primarily involved in the weaving process.
Terracotta craft in Bengal is a traditional form of pottery that has been practiced for centuries, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the region. The word "terracotta" is derived from the Latin words "terra" (earth) and "cotta" (cooked), emphasizing the use of baked or fired clay in this art form. In Bengal, terracotta art is not merely a craft; it is an integral part of the cultural identity, telling stories of tradition, mythology, and daily life.
Folk musical instruments are mostly hand-crafted in India. West Bengal has a good number of skilled artists who craft instruments meticulously. The tradition is mainly popular in districts like Nadia, Purulia and Bankura. Considering music and dance is an integral part of the rural tradition, the crafting of the instruments play a pertinent role. String instruments include Gopiyantra, Dotara-a basic two-stringed instrument, Sarinda- a bowed lute, Banam- a wooden instrument, percussion instruments like Dhaak and Dhol.
Dokra craftsmanship in Bengal involves the intricate process of lost wax casting. Artisans create molds using a combination of wax and clay, and then coat them with layers of a special mixture. After the wax is melted and drained away, molten metal is poured into the molds, taking the shape of the intricate design. The final product is then carefully polished and finished to achieve the characteristic rustic and antique look.
Dokra pieces from Bengal are known for their primeval simplicity and enthralling folk motifs. The craft captures the essence of rural life, incorporating symbols and themes inspired by nature, mythology, and daily life. The finished products often exhibit a distinctive charm, with an antique finish that adds to their appeal.
Rooted in Eastern Indian culture, Chhau dance captivates with its vibrant artistry. This traditional dance form, encompassing martial arts, masks, and intricate movements, depicts mythological tales and historical valor. Originating from Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha, Chhau combines acrobatics, swift footwork, and elaborate costumes. The dance is characterized by its use of masks, portraying diverse characters from epics and folklore. With its ritualistic origins, Chhau remains a mesmerizing display of cultural heritage, blending storytelling, athleticism, and intricate choreography. Its evolution from ancient warrior training to a revered performance art continues to enrich the cultural landscape of the region.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
Gomira, also known as Mukha Nach, comprises ritualistic dances where performers perceive each mask as a living face rather than a mere mask (mukhosh). This belief infuses life into the tradition. Originating from the Rajbanshi community, these dances occur between the Bengali months of Chaitra to Ashad (April—July) at village temples. They serve to honor the village deity, goddess Chandi. The Mukha Mela, an annual festival in the Mahishabathan region of Dakshin Dinajpur, celebrates the vibrant Gomira dance tradition.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
This a satirical folk theatre from West Bengal`s Malda district, thrives with around 290 dedicated artists. Originating post-Buddhism decline in the 7th-8th century and evolving under the Sen and Pala dynasties, it articulates commoners` joys, sorrows, and aspirations. The performance involves two artists: one resembling Lord Shiva and symbolizing authority, while the other amusingly communicates societal concerns through dance, song, and satire. Addressing social and political themes, Gambhira features characters in tattered attire using simple instruments like dhol, harmonium, tabla, trumpet, and cymbals. This dynamic art form resonates with the populace, reflecting their realities with humor and poignant storytelling.
Puppetry, an ancient folk art, thrives as traditional entertainment in West Bengal's village fairs. Reflecting myths, legends, and epics, it manifests in three distinct styles: Beni Putul (Glove puppetry), Dang Putul (Rod puppetry), and Taar Putul or Suto Putul (String puppetry). Crafted from clay, paper maché, wood, or Shola, these puppets don vibrant attire, embodying diverse characters. Revered by puppeteers, about 200 of whom practice professionally in hubs like Muragacha and Sonamukhi, these artisans move in troupes, earning their livelihood through this art form. Each puppeteer carries a sense of devotion, considering their craft and puppets sacred, preserving this cherished tradition.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Banbibi, an ancient folk drama in Sundarbans, West Bengal, involves around 370 artists and venerates a local deity known as the guardian of forest-dependent communities. Both Hindus and Muslims revere her for safe returns from forest endeavors. This syncretic tradition narrates Banbibi's rule over Sundarbans, highlighting her benevolence and ecological wisdom. The play reveres her while advocating for balanced resource allocation among locals. Elaborate performances blend colorful drama with Jhumur and Bhatiyali songs. Evolving as a tourist attraction, this theatre not only entertains but also preserves the region's cultural heritage and underscores the delicate harmony between humanity and nature.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature's elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills' folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Birbhum district often called the ‘land of red soil’, is noted for its landscape and cultural heritage. The adjoining Bolpur town is best known for Visva Bharati, the university set up by the litterateur and philospher Rabindranath Tagore. Numerous festivals are celebrated in this culturally rich district, including Poush Mela and Basanta Utsav. Being the hub of bamboo craft, the acrobatic dance form of Raibenshe, Baul-Fakiri music, Birbhum is the home to 239 bamboo craftsmen, 4 sholacraft artists, 125 Patachitra painters, 1574 Kantha artists, 38 pottery artists, 63 Raibenshe artists and 274 Baul artists.
The Kantha tradition was widespread across undivided Bengal, transcending social, economic, and religious boundaries, with roots deeply embedded in ancient techniques, processes, and aesthetics. The visionary poet and philosopher, Rabindranath Tagore, in his poignant poem "Ebar Phirao More," refers to the young prince Siddhartha as one adorned only with a Chinna Kantha (tattered Kantha) when leaving his princely home in pursuit of ultimate truth, stripped of worldly garments and possessions...
The wooden masks of Bengal represent a rich cultural and artistic tradition, particularly crafted by the Rajbangshi community in the Dinajpur district of West Bengal. These masks are integral to the community's vibrant ritual dance, known as Gomira, which has been a cherished tradition for over five decades.
Crafted with intricate detailing and precision, the wooden masks showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the artisans within the Rajbangshi community.
Patachitra, an ancient folk-art originating from Bengal, is a form of traditional scroll painting on cloth. The artists, referred to as 'patuas,' skillfully depict a wide range of subjects, including mythological tales, tribal life, rituals, local legends of Hindu deities, contemporary stories, historical events, and more. Using natural colors derived from trees, leaves, flowers, and clay, these painters create vibrant and captivating artworks.
Accompanying the scroll paintings are songs called 'pater gaan,' which the patuas sing while unveiling the scrolls.
Sitalpati is crafted using cane slips extracted from the cane bust, with the quality of the Pati relying on the distinct layers of the cane. This type of cane thrives abundantly in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal. The process involves cutting fine cane slips, which are skillfully woven to create household mats known as Sitalpati, translating to cool mats. The industry is primarily family-oriented, with men dedicated to growing and extracting fiber, while women are primarily involved in the weaving process.
Pottery is the art of making pots and other utility products by using clay. The craft is one of the most ancient forms of human inventions and is a living example of cultural expression with an ageless technology. There are several concentrations of artisans involved in pottery in Birbhum, Uttar Dinajpur and North 24-Parganas. In nearly every household, almost every member of the family is involved in the craft at different levels. It runs through generations and is part of cultural inheritance for the younger generations. Pottery as an art has been included since RCCH I (2016 onwards). A total of 325 artists from Uttar Dinajpur, 158 from North 24 Paraganas and 38 from Birbhum have been involved in the mentioned project purview.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Rooted in Eastern Indian culture, Chhau dance captivates with its vibrant artistry. This traditional dance form, encompassing martial arts, masks, and intricate movements, depicts mythological tales and historical valor. Originating from Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha, Chhau combines acrobatics, swift footwork, and elaborate costumes. The dance is characterized by its use of masks, portraying diverse characters from epics and folklore. With its ritualistic origins, Chhau remains a mesmerizing display of cultural heritage, blending storytelling, athleticism, and intricate choreography. Its evolution from ancient warrior training to a revered performance art continues to enrich the cultural landscape of the region.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Baul, a spiritual music genre and philosophy, embodies Bengal's soulful essence, delving into self-discovery. Stemming from Chaitanyadev’s Bhakti movement, it stands as Bengal's pioneering social reform. Baul musicians advocate transcending caste, creed, and religion for love, peace, and unity. Love propagation defines Baul's essence, inherited through guru-disciple lineage, emphasizing akhra-based practices. Baul music has been inscribed in UNESCO’s Representative List of the ICH of Humanity in the year 2008. Bauls utilize a rich array of folk instruments like ektara, dotara, khamak, dubki, dhol, khol, mandira, and flute, honing their craft through akhra-based practices. This genre represents not just music but a profound cultural ethos, fostering unity and spiritual exploration in Bengal's vibrant heritage.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature's elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills' folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Gomira, also known as Mukha Nach, comprises ritualistic dances where performers perceive each mask as a living face rather than a mere mask (mukhosh). This belief infuses life into the tradition. Originating from the Rajbanshi community, these dances occur between the Bengali months of Chaitra to Ashad (April—July) at village temples. They serve to honor the village deity, goddess Chandi. The Mukha Mela, an annual festival in the Mahishabathan region of Dakshin Dinajpur, celebrates the vibrant Gomira dance tradition.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
This a satirical folk theatre from West Bengal`s Malda district, thrives with around 290 dedicated artists. Originating post-Buddhism decline in the 7th-8th century and evolving under the Sen and Pala dynasties, it articulates commoners` joys, sorrows, and aspirations. The performance involves two artists: one resembling Lord Shiva and symbolizing authority, while the other amusingly communicates societal concerns through dance, song, and satire. Addressing social and political themes, Gambhira features characters in tattered attire using simple instruments like dhol, harmonium, tabla, trumpet, and cymbals. This dynamic art form resonates with the populace, reflecting their realities with humor and poignant storytelling.
Puppetry, an ancient folk art, thrives as traditional entertainment in West Bengal's village fairs. Reflecting myths, legends, and epics, it manifests in three distinct styles: Beni Putul (Glove puppetry), Dang Putul (Rod puppetry), and Taar Putul or Suto Putul (String puppetry). Crafted from clay, paper maché, wood, or Shola, these puppets don vibrant attire, embodying diverse characters. Revered by puppeteers, about 200 of whom practice professionally in hubs like Muragacha and Sonamukhi, these artisans move in troupes, earning their livelihood through this art form. Each puppeteer carries a sense of devotion, considering their craft and puppets sacred, preserving this cherished tradition.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Banbibi, an ancient folk drama in Sundarbans, West Bengal, involves around 370 artists and venerates a local deity known as the guardian of forest-dependent communities. Both Hindus and Muslims revere her for safe returns from forest endeavors. This syncretic tradition narrates Banbibi's rule over Sundarbans, highlighting her benevolence and ecological wisdom. The play reveres her while advocating for balanced resource allocation among locals. Elaborate performances blend colorful drama with Jhumur and Bhatiyali songs. Evolving as a tourist attraction, this theatre not only entertains but also preserves the region's cultural heritage and underscores the delicate harmony between humanity and nature.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Cooch Behar district is located at the northern part of West Bengal. The Cooch Behar town is famous for its Royal Palace which has a rich collection of objects and the Madan Mohan temple. Cooch Behar is also famous for its cool mat locally known as Sitalpati and Bhawaiya which is lifestyle music of the people living in this area. Under the RCCH initiative, the district is a hub of Bhawaiya and home to around 2549 Bhawaiya artists, 19 Rabha Weavers and 3807 Shitalpati craftsmen.
The wooden masks of Bengal represent a rich cultural and artistic tradition, particularly crafted by the Rajbangshi community in the Dinajpur district of West Bengal. These masks are integral to the community's vibrant ritual dance, known as Gomira, which has been a cherished tradition for over five decades.
Crafted with intricate detailing and precision, the wooden masks showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the artisans within the Rajbangshi community.
The Rabha people, a minority ethnic community, inhabit regions across Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, and Coochbehar districts in West Bengal. The rich weaving heritage of the Rabha community has been passed down through generations. They engage in weaving both for personal use and for selling their products within their local villages and markets. The raw materials, including threads, are sourced from Alipurduar, Assam, and Coochbehar.
Sitalpati is crafted using cane slips extracted from the cane bust, with the quality of the Pati relying on the distinct layers of the cane. This type of cane thrives abundantly in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal. The process involves cutting fine cane slips, which are skillfully woven to create household mats known as Sitalpati, translating to cool mats. The industry is primarily family-oriented, with men dedicated to growing and extracting fiber, while women are primarily involved in the weaving process.
Bhawaiya songs reflect the experiences of rural life. Many believe that The name is derived from the term bhava meaning emotion. Bhawaiya is popularly used in the folk theatre forms of North Bengal—prominent among these are Kushan Pala (story of Lav and Kush), Chor Chunni Pala (story of a thief and his wife), Mechenir Pala (the story of Mech tribes), and others. The Bhawaiya songs reflect the rural professions of the community, where some are elephant herders while the others are bull rearers. Traditional musical instruments accompanying Bhawaiya music include dotara, dhol, khol (percussion), sarinda, and flute.
The RCCH project had an immense impact on Bhawaiya music, creating a bridge between the practitioners of different districts and locales which have helped the gurus to come together to create a Bhawaiya curriculum and spread it amongst the local Bhawaiya training centres and also developing a quality supply line to the generated demand of authentic folk music.
The history of Dakshin Dinajpur, a part of the erstwhile Dinajpur district, dates to the Pal and Sena dynasties, boasting of a glowing cultural heritage. From the different antiques discovered during excavation, it becomes evident that this district had a flourishing past in the sphere of education and culture. Under the RCCH initiative, Dakshin Dinajpur is a hub of Bamboo and Dhokra crafts as well as performing arts like Gomira Dance (Mukha Nach) and the satirical folk drama, Khon. The district is the home to 2634 Dhokra craft artists, 72 Basketry artists, 81 shola craft artists, 103 wooden mask makers 128 Khon artists and 49 Mukha dancers.
The Rabha people, a minority ethnic community, inhabit regions across Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, and Coochbehar districts in West Bengal. The rich weaving heritage of the Rabha community has been passed down through generations. They engage in weaving both for personal use and for selling their products within their local villages and markets. The raw materials, including threads, are sourced from Alipurduar, Assam, and Coochbehar.
Kenjakura is a charming hamlet situated in close proximity to the tranquil slopes of Susunia in Bankura. The village is home to approximately 330 families of skilled weavers, whose forebears arrived and established themselves here 150 years ago. Utilizing the age-old Charkha, women in the community spin yarn with precision
The wooden masks of Bengal represent a rich cultural and artistic tradition, particularly crafted by the Rajbangshi community in the Dinajpur district of West Bengal. These masks are integral to the community's vibrant ritual dance, known as Gomira, which has been a cherished tradition for over five decades.
Crafted with intricate detailing and precision, the wooden masks showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the artisans within the Rajbangshi community.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
The landlocked Darjeeling Hills in West Bengal, Sikkim and neighbouring country Nepal, is also known as the Queen of the Hills in India. Better known for its tea and tourism, the two districts of Darjeeling and Kalimpong are also home to several indigenous communities who have preserved their distinct cultural identities and rituals, including songs and dances. Total of 617 artists from 16 communities and 1 Basketry artists are covered under the RCCH initiative.
Hill painting in Bengal is an artistic tradition flourishing in the scenic landscapes of Darjeeling and Kalimpong. Local artists, skilled in the craft, have been adorning cotton fabrics with captivating scenes from nature for years, creating a unique and popular form of art that serves as a cherished souvenir for tourists exploring the hills of North Bengal.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
The name Jalpaiguri came from the word “Jalpai” meaning “Olive” which grew in the town and adjacent areas and were even visible in the900. The suffix “Guri” means a place. The district is located 26° 16’ and 27° 0’ North latitude and 88 ° 4’ and 89 °53’ East longitude. It is situated in the northern part of the state of West Bengal and is known for its wonderful nature, landscape filled with tea gardens. Bhawaiya folk song is an inetrgal part of the lifestyle and culture and people.
The Rabha people, a minority ethnic community, inhabit regions across Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, and Coochbehar districts in West Bengal. The rich weaving heritage of the Rabha community has been passed down through generations. They engage in weaving both for personal use and for selling their products within their local villages and markets. The raw materials, including threads, are sourced from Alipurduar, Assam, and Coochbehar.
Bhawaiya songs reflect the experiences of rural life. Many believe that The name is derived from the term bhava meaning emotion. Bhawaiya is popularly used in the folk theatre forms of North Bengal—prominent among these are Kushan Pala (story of Lav and Kush), Chor Chunni Pala (story of a thief and his wife), Mechenir Pala (the story of Mech tribes), and others. The Bhawaiya songs reflect the rural professions of the community, where some are elephant herders while the others are bull rearers. Traditional musical instruments accompanying Bhawaiya music include dotara, dhol, khol (percussion), sarinda, and flute.
The RCCH project had an immense impact on Bhawaiya music, creating a bridge between the practitioners of different districts and locales which have helped the gurus to come together to create a Bhawaiya curriculum and spread it amongst the local Bhawaiya training centres and also developing a quality supply line to the generated demand of authentic folk music.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature's elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills' folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Hub Kalimpong Traditional crafts in Bengal, earlier rooted in family-centric grounds to meet daily needs, have now evolved from subsistence production to a market of their own, combining utility and aesthetic appeal. From handcrafted textiles to metalwork and iconic terracotta temples, these crafts are not just expressions of art but also integral to the cultural and creative spirit of West Bengal culture, serving as a lifeline for its people.
Silver craft in Bengal boasts a rich heritage, with skilled artisans passing down their expertise through generations. Rooted in tradition, the craftsmanship often involves intricate designs and meticulous detailing. Bengal's silver artisans, known for their creativity and precision, bring life to diverse forms such as jewelry, utensils, and decorative items.
The art form is not only a testament to the craftsmanship but also reflects the cultural and historical influences of the region.
Hill painting in Bengal is an artistic tradition flourishing in the scenic landscapes of Darjeeling and Kalimpong. Local artists, skilled in the craft, have been adorning cotton fabrics with captivating scenes from nature for years, creating a unique and popular form of art that serves as a cherished souvenir for tourists exploring the hills of North Bengal.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Puppetry, an ancient folk art, thrives as traditional entertainment in West Bengal's village fairs. Reflecting myths, legends, and epics, it manifests in three distinct styles: Beni Putul (Glove puppetry), Dang Putul (Rod puppetry), and Taar Putul or Suto Putul (String puppetry). Crafted from clay, paper maché, wood, or Shola, these puppets don vibrant attire, embodying diverse characters. Revered by puppeteers, about 200 of whom practice professionally in hubs like Muragacha and Sonamukhi, these artisans move in troupes, earning their livelihood through this art form. Each puppeteer carries a sense of devotion, considering their craft and puppets sacred, preserving this cherished tradition.
Malda district is the gateway of North Bengal. The district attracts many tourists who come to see the historical places among which Gour (a remains of the historical settlement from the first Sultanate in Bengal) is the famous one. Bamboo crafts and Domni - a folk theatre form are the popular traditional practices of the district.The RCCH initiative covers 964 Bamboo craftspersons and 142 Domni artists and 293 Gambhira artists in this district.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Murshidabad is a district of West Bengal with its district headquarters in Baharampur town. There are many places of tourist interest in the district including Hazarduari Palace and Nizamat Imambara. It is also renowned for its exclusive variety of silk. The district is a hub of the acrobatic dance form Raibenshe and Baul-Fakiri music. The district is home to about 169 Raibenshe and 793 Baul Fakiri artists.
Sitalpati is crafted using cane slips extracted from the cane bust, with the quality of the Pati relying on the distinct layers of the cane. This type of cane thrives abundantly in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal. The process involves cutting fine cane slips, which are skillfully woven to create household mats known as Sitalpati, translating to cool mats. The industry is primarily family-oriented, with men dedicated to growing and extracting fiber, while women are primarily involved in the weaving process.
Rooted in Eastern Indian culture, Chhau dance captivates with its vibrant artistry. This traditional dance form, encompassing martial arts, masks, and intricate movements, depicts mythological tales and historical valor. Originating from Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha, Chhau combines acrobatics, swift footwork, and elaborate costumes. The dance is characterized by its use of masks, portraying diverse characters from epics and folklore. With its ritualistic origins, Chhau remains a mesmerizing display of cultural heritage, blending storytelling, athleticism, and intricate choreography. Its evolution from ancient warrior training to a revered performance art continues to enrich the cultural landscape of the region.
Baul, a spiritual music genre and philosophy, embodies Bengal's soulful essence, delving into self-discovery. Stemming from Chaitanyadev’s Bhakti movement, it stands as Bengal's pioneering social reform. Baul musicians advocate transcending caste, creed, and religion for love, peace, and unity. Love propagation defines Baul's essence, inherited through guru-disciple lineage, emphasizing akhra-based practices. Baul music has been inscribed in UNESCO’s Representative List of the ICH of Humanity in the year 2008. Bauls utilize a rich array of folk instruments like ektara, dotara, khamak, dubki, dhol, khol, mandira, and flute, honing their craft through akhra-based practices. This genre represents not just music but a profound cultural ethos, fostering unity and spiritual exploration in Bengal's vibrant heritage.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
Gomira, also known as Mukha Nach, comprises ritualistic dances where performers perceive each mask as a living face rather than a mere mask (mukhosh). This belief infuses life into the tradition. Originating from the Rajbanshi community, these dances occur between the Bengali months of Chaitra to Ashad (April—July) at village temples. They serve to honor the village deity, goddess Chandi. The Mukha Mela, an annual festival in the Mahishabathan region of Dakshin Dinajpur, celebrates the vibrant Gomira dance tradition.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
This a satirical folk theatre from West Bengal`s Malda district, thrives with around 290 dedicated artists. Originating post-Buddhism decline in the 7th-8th century and evolving under the Sen and Pala dynasties, it articulates commoners` joys, sorrows, and aspirations. The performance involves two artists: one resembling Lord Shiva and symbolizing authority, while the other amusingly communicates societal concerns through dance, song, and satire. Addressing social and political themes, Gambhira features characters in tattered attire using simple instruments like dhol, harmonium, tabla, trumpet, and cymbals. This dynamic art form resonates with the populace, reflecting their realities with humor and poignant storytelling.
Puppetry, an ancient folk art, thrives as traditional entertainment in West Bengal's village fairs. Reflecting myths, legends, and epics, it manifests in three distinct styles: Beni Putul (Glove puppetry), Dang Putul (Rod puppetry), and Taar Putul or Suto Putul (String puppetry). Crafted from clay, paper maché, wood, or Shola, these puppets don vibrant attire, embodying diverse characters. Revered by puppeteers, about 200 of whom practice professionally in hubs like Muragacha and Sonamukhi, these artisans move in troupes, earning their livelihood through this art form. Each puppeteer carries a sense of devotion, considering their craft and puppets sacred, preserving this cherished tradition.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Banbibi, an ancient folk drama in Sundarbans, West Bengal, involves around 370 artists and venerates a local deity known as the guardian of forest-dependent communities. Both Hindus and Muslims revere her for safe returns from forest endeavors. This syncretic tradition narrates Banbibi's rule over Sundarbans, highlighting her benevolence and ecological wisdom. The play reveres her while advocating for balanced resource allocation among locals. Elaborate performances blend colorful drama with Jhumur and Bhatiyali songs. Evolving as a tourist attraction, this theatre not only entertains but also preserves the region's cultural heritage and underscores the delicate harmony between humanity and nature.
Nadia district with Bhagirathi River on the West and Mathabhanga in the North is best remembered for Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, a prominent spiritual leader of the late 15th and early 16th century. The district headquarter, Krishnanagar is famous for its royal palace and the traditional practice of making lifestyle clay dolls. A hub of puppetry, folk musical instruments and Baul – Fakiri music, Nadia has 181 string puppeteers, 75 artists who make folk instruments, 309 clay doll makers and 733 Baul artists.
The craft of clay doll making in Bengal is a traditional art form that has been passed down through generations, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the region. Bengal, located in the eastern part of India, is known for its diverse arts and crafts, and clay doll making is a prominent feature of its cultural landscape.
Clay doll making holds cultural and religious significance in Bengal. These dolls are not just decorative items; they are often used in religious rituals and festivals.
Sitalpati is crafted using cane slips extracted from the cane bust, with the quality of the Pati relying on the distinct layers of the cane. This type of cane thrives abundantly in the Coochbehar district of West Bengal. The process involves cutting fine cane slips, which are skillfully woven to create household mats known as Sitalpati, translating to cool mats. The industry is primarily family-oriented, with men dedicated to growing and extracting fiber, while women are primarily involved in the weaving process.
Folk musical instruments are mostly hand-crafted in India. West Bengal has a good number of skilled artists who craft instruments meticulously. The tradition is mainly popular in districts like Nadia, Purulia and Bankura. Considering music and dance is an integral part of the rural tradition, the crafting of the instruments play a pertinent role. String instruments include Gopiyantra, Dotara-a basic two-stringed instrument, Sarinda- a bowed lute, Banam- a wooden instrument, percussion instruments like Dhaak and Dhol.
Rooted in Eastern Indian culture, Chhau dance captivates with its vibrant artistry. This traditional dance form, encompassing martial arts, masks, and intricate movements, depicts mythological tales and historical valor. Originating from Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha, Chhau combines acrobatics, swift footwork, and elaborate costumes. The dance is characterized by its use of masks, portraying diverse characters from epics and folklore. With its ritualistic origins, Chhau remains a mesmerizing display of cultural heritage, blending storytelling, athleticism, and intricate choreography. Its evolution from ancient warrior training to a revered performance art continues to enrich the cultural landscape of the region.
Baul, a spiritual music genre and philosophy, embodies Bengal's soulful essence, delving into self-discovery. Stemming from Chaitanyadev’s Bhakti movement, it stands as Bengal's pioneering social reform. Baul musicians advocate transcending caste, creed, and religion for love, peace, and unity. Love propagation defines Baul's essence, inherited through guru-disciple lineage, emphasizing akhra-based practices. Baul music has been inscribed in UNESCO’s Representative List of the ICH of Humanity in the year 2008. Bauls utilize a rich array of folk instruments like ektara, dotara, khamak, dubki, dhol, khol, mandira, and flute, honing their craft through akhra-based practices. This genre represents not just music but a profound cultural ethos, fostering unity and spiritual exploration in Bengal's vibrant heritage.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
Gomira, also known as Mukha Nach, comprises ritualistic dances where performers perceive each mask as a living face rather than a mere mask (mukhosh). This belief infuses life into the tradition. Originating from the Rajbanshi community, these dances occur between the Bengali months of Chaitra to Ashad (April—July) at village temples. They serve to honor the village deity, goddess Chandi. The Mukha Mela, an annual festival in the Mahishabathan region of Dakshin Dinajpur, celebrates the vibrant Gomira dance tradition.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
This a satirical folk theatre from West Bengal`s Malda district, thrives with around 290 dedicated artists. Originating post-Buddhism decline in the 7th-8th century and evolving under the Sen and Pala dynasties, it articulates commoners` joys, sorrows, and aspirations. The performance involves two artists: one resembling Lord Shiva and symbolizing authority, while the other amusingly communicates societal concerns through dance, song, and satire. Addressing social and political themes, Gambhira features characters in tattered attire using simple instruments like dhol, harmonium, tabla, trumpet, and cymbals. This dynamic art form resonates with the populace, reflecting their realities with humor and poignant storytelling.
Puppetry, an ancient folk art, thrives as traditional entertainment in West Bengal's village fairs. Reflecting myths, legends, and epics, it manifests in three distinct styles: Beni Putul (Glove puppetry), Dang Putul (Rod puppetry), and Taar Putul or Suto Putul (String puppetry). Crafted from clay, paper maché, wood, or Shola, these puppets don vibrant attire, embodying diverse characters. Revered by puppeteers, about 200 of whom practice professionally in hubs like Muragacha and Sonamukhi, these artisans move in troupes, earning their livelihood through this art form. Each puppeteer carries a sense of devotion, considering their craft and puppets sacred, preserving this cherished tradition.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Banbibi, an ancient folk drama in Sundarbans, West Bengal, involves around 370 artists and venerates a local deity known as the guardian of forest-dependent communities. Both Hindus and Muslims revere her for safe returns from forest endeavors. This syncretic tradition narrates Banbibi's rule over Sundarbans, highlighting her benevolence and ecological wisdom. The play reveres her while advocating for balanced resource allocation among locals. Elaborate performances blend colorful drama with Jhumur and Bhatiyali songs. Evolving as a tourist attraction, this theatre not only entertains but also preserves the region's cultural heritage and underscores the delicate harmony between humanity and nature.
North 24 Parganas
The wooden masks of Bengal represent a rich cultural and artistic tradition, particularly crafted by the Rajbangshi community in the Dinajpur district of West Bengal. These masks are integral to the community's vibrant ritual dance, known as Gomira, which has been a cherished tradition for over five decades.
Crafted with intricate detailing and precision, the wooden masks showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the artisans within the Rajbangshi community.
Pottery is the art of making pots and other utility products by using clay. The craft is one of the most ancient forms of human inventions and is a living example of cultural expression with an ageless technology. There are several concentrations of artisans involved in pottery in Birbhum, Uttar Dinajpur and North 24-Parganas. In nearly every household, almost every member of the family is involved in the craft at different levels. It runs through generations and is part of cultural inheritance for the younger generations. Pottery as an art has been included since RCCH I (2016 onwards). A total of 325 artists from Uttar Dinajpur, 158 from North 24 Paraganas and 38 from Birbhum have been involved in the mentioned project purview.
Bhatiyali music is inspired by the boatman’s life on the river. The word bhati means low land, and bhata means low tide. It is a tradition of the Sundarbans region of India and Bangladesh. The district of North 24 Parganas is the main hub of Bhatiyali music and is home to about 180 Bhatiyali singers. Traditionally, the boatmen sang Bhatiyali songs while sailing. The songs usually express love, compassion, admiration, and anguish of boatmen through simple lyrics and lingering tunes. These songs also express the lived realities of the boatmen and celebrate spirituality. The lyrics reflect the challenges and hardships the boatmen face in their everyday lives.
Legendary singer Abbas Uddin Ahmed made the genre popular among the masses. Bhatiyali is also integral to the local folk dramas Banbibir Pala and Gazir Gaan. This genre of music is accompanied by traditional musical instruments such as dotara, ektara, tabla, dhol, flute, etc.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
North 24 Parganas is a southern district of West Bengal and located adjacent to Kolkata. People practise number of traditional craft and art forms among which Bhatiyali, Bonbibir Pala and Pottery are covered under RCCH initiative. North 24 Parganas is a hub of pottery craft, Bhatiyali music and Bonbibir Pala and home to about 158 pottery craftsmen, 188 Bahtiyali artists and 122 Bonbibir Pala artists.
The wooden owl dolls of Bengal exemplify the region's artistic prowess and cultural richness. Crafted with meticulous detail, these owl sculptures from Bengal, particularly those originating from places like Natungram in Purba Bardhaman district, have attained a special significance. These wooden creations, often hand-carved by skilled artisans, showcase a harmonious fusion of traditional craftsmanship and artistic innovation.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
Patachitra, an ancient folk-art originating from Bengal, is a form of traditional scroll painting on cloth. The artists, referred to as 'patuas,' skillfully depict a wide range of subjects, including mythological tales, tribal life, rituals, local legends of Hindu deities, contemporary stories, historical events, and more. Using natural colors derived from trees, leaves, flowers, and clay, these painters create vibrant and captivating artworks.
Accompanying the scroll paintings are songs called 'pater gaan,' which the patuas sing while unveiling the scrolls.
Bardhaman is one of the oldest district capitals of Bengal, dating back to the early British period. Archaeological evidence of the region can be traced back to 4,000 BC. The district has a multi-cultural heritage. The district is a hub of bamboo and shola crafts as well as the acrobatic dance form of Raibenshe and Baul- Fakiri music. It is home to about 176 bamboo craftsmen, 171 shola craftsperson, 56 Raibenshe artists , 168 Dokra artists, 2036 Kantha artists, 155 wooden doll artists, 149 Baul artists and 76 Tribal Puppetry artists.
The Kantha tradition was widespread across undivided Bengal, transcending social, economic, and religious boundaries, with roots deeply embedded in ancient techniques, processes, and aesthetics. The visionary poet and philosopher, Rabindranath Tagore, in his poignant poem "Ebar Phirao More," refers to the young prince Siddhartha as one adorned only with a Chinna Kantha (tattered Kantha) when leaving his princely home in pursuit of ultimate truth, stripped of worldly garments and possessions...
The wooden owl dolls of Bengal exemplify the region's artistic prowess and cultural richness. Crafted with meticulous detail, these owl sculptures from Bengal, particularly those originating from places like Natungram in Purba Bardhaman district, have attained a special significance. These wooden creations, often hand-carved by skilled artisans, showcase a harmonious fusion of traditional craftsmanship and artistic innovation.
Dokra craftsmanship in Bengal involves the intricate process of lost wax casting. Artisans create molds using a combination of wax and clay, and then coat them with layers of a special mixture. After the wax is melted and drained away, molten metal is poured into the molds, taking the shape of the intricate design. The final product is then carefully polished and finished to achieve the characteristic rustic and antique look.
Dokra pieces from Bengal are known for their primeval simplicity and enthralling folk motifs. The craft captures the essence of rural life, incorporating symbols and themes inspired by nature, mythology, and daily life. The finished products often exhibit a distinctive charm, with an antique finish that adds to their appeal.
Chadar Badar, an indigenous Santhal puppetry, thrives in West Bengal's Purba Bardhaman and Dakshin Dinajpur districts. Over 70 artisans preserve this tradition, crafting intricate bamboo or wood puppets, standing 8 to 9 inches tall. Adorned with vibrant clothing, these puppets showcase exquisite craftsmanship. Manipulated by strings tied to the puppeteer's fingers, they perform stories from ancient Santhal culture, narrated in the Santhali language. These captivating tales unfold on small platforms with canopies or inside wooden boxes. Accompanied by traditional musical instruments like baje banam, lagara, tirenya, and tunda, Chadar Badar preserves and celebrates the rich heritage of the Santhal community.
Baul, a spiritual music genre and philosophy, embodies Bengal's soulful essence, delving into self-discovery. Stemming from Chaitanyadev’s Bhakti movement, it stands as Bengal's pioneering social reform. Baul musicians advocate transcending caste, creed, and religion for love, peace, and unity. Love propagation defines Baul's essence, inherited through guru-disciple lineage, emphasizing akhra-based practices. Baul music has been inscribed in UNESCO’s Representative List of the ICH of Humanity in the year 2008. Bauls utilize a rich array of folk instruments like ektara, dotara, khamak, dubki, dhol, khol, mandira, and flute, honing their craft through akhra-based practices. This genre represents not just music but a profound cultural ethos, fostering unity and spiritual exploration in Bengal's vibrant heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
The Purba Medinipur district was carved out of the erstwhile Medinipur district on January 1, 2002. This district is the hub of Bengal Patachitra - a tradition of visual story telling. The Medinipur Patachitra is famous for its bold outline, vibrant colours and content which are based on mythological stories and social events. Total 319 Patachitra artists and 2838 Madur artists of this district are covered under the RCCH initiative.
Patachitra, an ancient folk-art originating from Bengal, is a form of traditional scroll painting on cloth. The artists, referred to as 'patuas,' skillfully depict a wide range of subjects, including mythological tales, tribal life, rituals, local legends of Hindu deities, contemporary stories, historical events, and more. Using natural colors derived from trees, leaves, flowers, and clay, these painters create vibrant and captivating artworks.
Accompanying the scroll paintings are songs called 'pater gaan,' which the patuas sing while unveiling the scrolls.
Purulia is a district situated in south west of Bengal bordering Jharkhand with its headquarter in Balarampur. A networks of rivers flow through this heart of the “land of red soil” which boasts of multiple dams. The district is home to the Ayodhya hills and nurtures many prehistoric evidences and ancient tribes. Purulia is a hub of its own genre of Patachitra, Jhumur music, Chau dance and Folk Music Instruments. The accomodates around 71 Patachitra artists, 1057 Bamboo works artists, 387 Chau mask makers, 2244 Sabai artists, 1596 Jhumur music artists, 5005 artists of Chau dance and 62 makers of folk music instruments under the RCCH initiative.
Folk musical instruments are mostly hand-crafted in India. West Bengal has a good number of skilled artists who craft instruments meticulously. The tradition is mainly popular in districts like Nadia, Purulia and Bankura. Considering music and dance is an integral part of the rural tradition, the crafting of the instruments play a pertinent role. String instruments include Gopiyantra, Dotara-a basic two-stringed instrument, Sarinda- a bowed lute, Banam- a wooden instrument, percussion instruments like Dhaak and Dhol.
The Patachitra form practised in Purulia is strikingly different from the one in Medinipur. Purulia’s Patachitra stands out for its simple style and compositions, minimal background decoration, and use of natural colours made from stones and leaves. The Patachitra of Purulia is essentially a ritualistic practice associated with the events in the daily lives of people. Unlike its counterpart in Medinipur, Purulia Patachitra is relatively lesser known to the outside world. And so is the artists’ use of organic dyes. Created with simple, bold strokes, there is minimal use of colour and decoration, and rarely does one see more than two-three colors in the frames, but they stand out for their sheer aesthetic brilliance. As the base material they use paper easily available in the market. Especially, fullscape. The method to make the base strong and long lasting is not known. They have little idea of preservation. At the beginning of making pat, about 8’’ – 1’ part of the same is covered with plastic, which is easily available. It is done primary to protect the rest of the paper from water. Two handles on two sides are made with bamboo strips, help the artists to wind up the pat. It also becomes easier for the artists to unfurl the pat with the two handles.
The Pater Gaan or the songs accompanying the scroll paintings showcase the culture of tribes like Santhals alongside the mainstream fare. There are many songs in Alchiki, reflecting an interchange of languages, and Santhal Pats coexist in harmony with the likes of Madanmohan Leela, Krishna Leela and Raas Leela. The spectrum of natural colours and their sources is amazing. Saffron is created from Geru Pathar stone, yellow ochre from Holud Pathar stone, white from Khorimati clay, black from a type of soot called Bhushokali. Orange comes from Kamala Pathar stone, green from Simpata leaves, purple from Pui Metuli leaves, pink from banyan buds or Boter Kuri, red from Phanimansha flowers, blue from Nil, and yellow from Palash flowers!
A total of 71 artists from Majramura village located in Purulia district are covered under the RCCH project.
Chhau is a traditional dance form that originated in the eastern part of India, including the states of West Bengal, Jharkhand, and Odisha. It is known for its vibrant and energetic movements, often accompanied by intricate masks worn by the performers. The Chhau dance is typically performed during festivals, particularly the Chaitra Parva festival.
The Chhau masks play a crucial role in the dance, as they represent various characters from mythology and folklore.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature's elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills' folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
South 24 Parganas is a district stretching from the Metropoliton Kolkata to the remote riverine villages upto the mouth of Bay of Bengal. The Sundarbans, the largest mangrove forests on earth, is spread over thirteen of the twenty-nine development blocks in the district. Due to its geographical location, people of this district face multiple environmental challenges and lack of irrigation has led to mono-cropped agriculture. Cyclonic storms mean loss of life and destruction of crops and property on a regular basis. The traditional folk forms Bonbibir Pala and Jhumur are integral to the lives of people. The district is a hub of Jhumur music, and the folk drama form Bonbibir Pala. It is home to about 220 Jhumur artists, 252 Bonbibir Pala artists and 167 Shola artists under the RCCH initiative.
The wooden owl dolls of Bengal exemplify the region's artistic prowess and cultural richness. Crafted with meticulous detail, these owl sculptures from Bengal, particularly those originating from places like Natungram in Purba Bardhaman district, have attained a special significance. These wooden creations, often hand-carved by skilled artisans, showcase a harmonious fusion of traditional craftsmanship and artistic innovation.
The district of Uttar Dinajpur came into being after the bifurcation of West Dinajpur district in 1992. Raiganj, a city and municipality on the bank of the Kulik River, is the district headquarter. Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary, the second largest bird sanctuary in Asia, is the primary attraction of the area. Under the RCCH initiative, this district is a hub of Bamboo, Dhokra & Pottery crafts and the folk drama form of Khon. The district houses 113 Basketry artists, 1468 Dhokra weavers, 39 sholacraft artists, 65 Wooden Mask makers, 325 pottery craftspersons, 29 Khon artists and 26 Mukha dancers.
The wooden masks of Bengal represent a rich cultural and artistic tradition, particularly crafted by the Rajbangshi community in the Dinajpur district of West Bengal. These masks are integral to the community's vibrant ritual dance, known as Gomira, which has been a cherished tradition for over five decades.
Crafted with intricate detailing and precision, the wooden masks showcase the skilled craftsmanship of the artisans within the Rajbangshi community.
Pottery is the art of making pots and other utility products by using clay. The craft is one of the most ancient forms of human inventions and is a living example of cultural expression with an ageless technology. There are several concentrations of artisans involved in pottery in Birbhum, Uttar Dinajpur and North 24-Parganas. In nearly every household, almost every member of the family is involved in the craft at different levels. It runs through generations and is part of cultural inheritance for the younger generations. Pottery as an art has been included since RCCH I (2016 onwards). A total of 325 artists from Uttar Dinajpur, 158 from North 24 Paraganas and 38 from Birbhum have been involved in the mentioned project purview.
Originating from the rural landscapes of Bengal, Jhumur dance embodies the vibrant essence of local traditions. This folk dance, primarily performed during harvest festivities, reflects the jubilant spirit of rural life. Dancers, adorned in colorful attire, enact rhythmic movements expressing the joy of bountiful harvests through graceful steps and spirited gestures. Accompanied by traditional instruments like the 'dhamsa' and 'madal,' Jhumur dance captivates with its lively rhythms and symbolic gestures, weaving a captivating tale of communal celebration and the cultural vibrancy deeply rooted in the heart of Bengal's heritage.
Raibenshe is an ancient martial folk dance embodying valor and physical prowess. Traditionally performed by rural youth, it comprises intricate footwork, swift movements, and agile gestures akin to wartime tactics. With origins tracing back to soldierly training, this dynamic dance form symbolizes bravery and strength. Dancers adorned in distinctive attire, welding sticks and shields, enact rhythmic sequences, showcasing martial skills fused with cultural expressions. Raibenshe, a testament to Bengal's martial traditions, celebrates the warrior spirit through its vibrant choreography and storytelling, perpetuating the essence of valorous folklore.
The vibrant ethnic communities of Darjeeling and Kalimpong bring forth a rich tapestry of traditions, folk dances, melodies, and celebrations. Their performances honor nature`s elements, paying homage to the sky, earth, mountains, rivers, and forests. These artistic expressions celebrate ancestral legacies, mark new harvests, and rejoice in celestial phenomena like the full moon and rainfall. Rooted in Buddhism and Shamanism, the hills` folk songs and dances beautifully mirror the cultural unity among Himalayan communities, transcending geographical boundaries.
Originating from West Bengal's locales, Rabha dances mirror the essence of the region's cultural vibrancy. These traditional dances, deeply rooted in the Rabha community, epitomize their cultural heritage. Marked by rhythmic movements and lively steps, the dance form embodies celebratory rituals and narratives, often accompanied by the beats of indigenous musical instruments like dhol and flute. These performances, adorned with colorful attire and symbolic gestures, encapsulate the spirit and identity of West Bengal's Rabha community, showcasing their unique artistic expression and cultural traditions within the region's rich tapestry.
Immerse yourself in the diverse craftsmanship of Bengal through insightful videos showcasing the artistry, techniques, and cultural significance behind each traditional craft.